Keywords
gastrointestinal symptoms
children
How to Cite
Abstract
Food allergies are reactions of the immune system to certain foods, caused by immu- noglobulin E (IgE) or other mechanisms. The most common allergies involve milk, eggs, wheat, soy, peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish and fish. The prevalence of allergies in children is high, for this reason the early introduction of allergenic foods, recommending a diverse diet, is proposed as a prevention strategy after 6 months of age. A search was conducted for scientific studies on the early introduction of allergenic foods and desensitization of food allergies in children. Inclusion criteria were established that covered articles in English and Spanish, published in the last 5 years (2018-2023), involving children from 4 months to 4 years of age. It is highlighted that allergic disease is related to changes in modern lifestyle, such as dietary patterns and environmental pollution, where approxi- mately 1 in 10 people live with a food allergy, with infants and preschool children being the most affected. usually developing allergies by the age of 12 months.
References
Aguilar-Jasso, D., Váldez-López, F., Valle-Leal, J. G., Aguilar-Jasso, J., Del Hierro-Yepo, J. C., & Lizola-Arvizu, N. (2018). Perfil clínico de pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de alergia alimentaria en el noroeste de México. Revista Alergia México, 65(3), 233– 241. https://doi. org/10.29262/ram.v65i3.355
Brough, H. A., Lanser, B. J., Sindher, S. B., Teng, J. M. C., Leung, D. Y. M., Venter, C., Chan, S. M., Santos, A. F., Bahnson, H. T., Guttman-Yassky, E., Gupta, R. S., Lack, G.,Ciaccio, C. E., Sampath, V., Nadeau, K. C., & Nagler, C. R. (2022). Early intervention and prevention of allergic diseases. Allergy, 77(2), 416–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15006
Comberiati, P., Costagliola, G., D’Elios, S., & Peroni, D. (2019). Prevention of Food Allergy: The Significance of Early Introduction. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 55(7), 323. h t t p s : / / doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070323.
Cukrowska B. (2018). Microbial and Nutritional Programming-The Importance of the Microbiome and Early Exposure to Potential Food Allergens in the Development of Allergies. Nutrients, 10(10), 1541. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101541
Ferraro, V., Zanconato, S., & Carraro, S. (2019). Timing of Food Introduction and the Risk of Food Allergy. Nutrients, 11(5), 1131. https://doi. org/10.3390/nu11051131.
Halken, S., Muraro, A., De Silva, D., Khaleva, E., Angier, E., Arasi, S., Arshad, H., Bahnson, H. T., Beyer, K., Boyle, R., Du Toit, G., Ebisawa, M., Eigenmann, P., Grimshaw, K., Hoest, A., Jones, C., Lack, G., Nadeau, K., O’Mahony, L., . . . Roberts, G. (2021). EAACI Guideline: Preventing the Development of Food Allergy in Infants and Young Children (2020 Update). Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.13496
Heine R. G. (2018). Food Allergy Prevention and Treatment by Targeted Nutrition. Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 72 Suppl 3, 33–45. https://doi. org/10.1159/000487380
Miltos, M. A. G., Meza, R., & Bernal, S. (2021). Alergias alimentarias en pediatría: frecuencia, características clínicas y alergenos más frecuentes en pacientes de un consultorio pediátrico de alergia de referencia. Pediatría (Asunción. Impresa), 48(3), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.31698/ ped.48032021006
Petriz, N., Antonietti, C., Parente, C., Mehaudy, R., Villacreses, M. P., Ursino, F., Jauregui, M. B., Orsi, M., & Parisi, C. (2020). Estudio epidemiológico de alergia alimentaria en una población de niños argentinos. Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria, 118. https://doi.org/10.5546/ aap.2020.418
Ridao Redondo, M. Alergias alimentarias mediadas y no mediadas por IgE. (2023). En Pediatria integral: Vol. XXVII (2.a ed., pp. 91-100). Disponible en: https://www.pediatriaintegral.es/ wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Pediatria-IntegralXXVII-2_WEB.pdf#page=31
Romero-Velarde, E., Caro-Sabido, Érika, & Flores-Limón, V. A. (2023). Introducción temprana de alimentos potencialmente alergénicos en pacientes pediátricos menores de seis meses de edad. Revista Alergia México, 69(4), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v69i4.1132.
Sampath, V., Abrams, E. M., Adlou, B., Akdis, C., Akdis, M., Brough, H. A., Chan, S., Chatchatee, P., Chinthrajah, R. S., Cocco, R. R., Deschildre, A., Eigenmann, P., Galvan, C., Gupta, R., Hossny, E., Koplin, J. J., Lack, G., Levin, M., Shek, L. P., Makela, M., … Renz, H. (2021). Food allergy across the globe. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 148(6), 1347–1364.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.018
Skjerven, H.O., Lie, A., Vettukattil, R., Rehbinder, E. M., LeBlanc, M., Asarnoj, A., Carlsen, K. H., Despriee, Å. W., Färdig, M., Gerdin, S. W., Granum, B., Gudmundsdóttir, H. K., Haugen, G., Hedlin, G., Håland, G., Jonassen, C. M., Landrø, L., Mägi, C. O., Olsen, I. C., Rudi, K., … Lødrup Carlsen, K. C. (2022). Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet (London, England), 399(10344), 2398–2411. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00687-0 (2023). Complementary and Allergenic food introduction in Infants: An umbrella review. Pediatrics, 151(2). https:// doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-058380
Ulfman, L., Tsuang, A., Sprikkelman, A. B., Goh, A., & van Neerven, R. J. J. (2022). Relevance of Early Introduction of Cow’s Milk Proteins for Prevention of Cow’s Milk Allergy. Nutrients, 14(13), 2659. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132659
Venero-Fernández, S. J., Bringues-Menzie, V., Méndez-Rotger, M. T., Fernández-Casamayor, A., Urbina-Reinaldo, J., Álvarez-Castelló, M., Castro-Almarales, R. L., Suárez-Medina, R., & Fogarty, A. (2018). Prevalencia, incidencia y factores asociados con reacción adversa a alimentos en infantes cubanos. estudio de cohorte de base poblacional. Revista alergia México. https://doi.org/10.29262/ram. v65i2.301
Venter, C., Greenhawt, M., Meyer, R., Agostoni, C., Reese, I., Du Toit, G., Feeney, M., Maslin, K., Nwaru, B. I., Roduit, C., Untersmayr, E., Vlieg‐Boerstra, B., Pali‐Schöll, I.,Roberts, G., Smith, P., Akdiş, C. A., Agache, I., Ben-Adallah, M., Bischoff, S. C., O’Mahony, L. (2020). EAACI position paper on diet diversity in pregnancy, infancy and childhood: Novel concepts and implications for studies in allergy and asthma. Allergy, 75(3), 497-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14051
Yakaboski, E., Robinson, L. B., Arroyo, A. C., Espinola, J. A., Geller, R. J., Sullivan, A. F., Rudders, S. A., & Camargo, C. A. (2021). Early introduction
Soriano, V. X., Ciciulla, D., Gell, 19. Zhong, C., Guo, J., Tan, T., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Peters, R. L., McWilliam, H., Lin, L., Gao, D., Li, Q., Sun, G., Xiong, V., Dharmage, S., & Koplin, J. J. G., Yang, X., Hao, L., Yang, H., & Yang, of food allergens and risk of developing food allergy. Nutrients, 13(7), 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072318. N. (2022). Increased food diversity in the first year of life is inversely associated with allergic outcomes in the second year. Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.13707
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.